Protective structure



Feb. 2l, 1933. A. 1 R005 1,898,396

PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE Filed Dec. 14, 1929 2 sheets-sheet 1 AWN. n

` A J RCCS PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE Filed Deo. 14, 1929 2 Sheets-5hee1l 2want 'a A JEM@ Mfg-i @WM/Mig Patented Feb. 21, 1933 STATES ADO'LPH J'.ROS, OF CANTON, OHIO, ASSIGNGR T0 THE DIEBLD SAFE & LOCK COMPANY, OFCANTON, OHO, A CORPORATON GF OHO PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE Application filedIecember 14, 199. Serial No. 414,008.

My invention relates to protective structures for storing and protectingvaluables, such as money, securities, documents, precious stones,precious metals, and the like,

against the hazards of explosion, hre, and

predatory or riotous attacks by the use of impact tools, such as sledgesor hammers, or by the use of the burning` torch, or by the use ofdrills, explosives, saws and the like.

vkuch protective structures are usually designated according to theirsize, as chests, safes, and vaults, and each includes, in general, WallsWhich may comprise a portable bon, and which form a compartment WithinWhich the valuables are placed for storage and protection.

One Wall of the protective structure is provided with an opening inWhich a door frame is mounted, and a door is operatively hung formoving` to and from closing position in the opening of the door frame,the door being equipped With a usual lock and bolt Work for operation bypersons authorized to have access to the interior of the protectivestructure.

rlhe present invention relates more particularly to portable protectivestructures, and suoli portabie protective structures, as aforesaid, maybe of varying sizes, and may inchide smaller structures usually classedas chests, and having a capacity for a relatively small quantity ofvaluables, such as the daily receipts of stores, gasoline fillingstations, and the like, and also may include the intermediate structuresusually classed as safes, the capacity of ivhichvis greater than that ofchests, but which -do not permit the entrance of individuals into theirinterior, and hnally may include larger structures ordinarily classed asvaults, Whose size is sufficient to permit the entrance of one or moreindividuals into their interiort From the standpoint of the economicalquantity production of such preferably portable protective structures,it is desirable that d' r3ferent materials be used for the constructionof the door frame and door, and for the construction of the Walls of theprotective compartment.

That is to say, in addition to performing their structural Vandprotective functions, the ldoor frame and door must be operativelyassociated and accurately fitted With each other, and the door moreovercarries or 1ncludes the bolt-Work which is operative for engagement anddisengagement With bolt stops formed on the door frame.

in other Words, the door frame and door and the parts operativelyconnecting them and carried thereby, comprise mechanisms, all lements ofwhich must be made accurately, and which are adapted for performingmechanical functions.

@inthe other hand, the remaining parts of the protective structure, thatis, the Walls forming the storage and protective compartment, have onlytheir protective and structural functions to perform, as distinguishedfrom the mechanical functions of theparts of mechanisms.

rEhe objects of the present improvements include the provision of aprotective structure in `which the door frame and door may be made ofmaterials, which may be very exnensive, but which may be best suited forperf rming the combined structural, protective, and mechanical functionsthereof, and which door frame door are adapted for convenient andcooperating connection with Walls forming a protective andstorcompartment of any desired size, the compartment Walls being` formedof materials best suited for performing the structural and protectivefunctions thereof, and

*i `ch may be less expensive than the mayials of the door frame anddoor.

rilhese objects are attained by the present invention, as is hereinafterclaimed, and i-.fhich may be stated in general terms as comprising aprotective structure including a door frame and door operatively mountedthereon, and the door frame and door being preferabi-v made of an alloymetal, such as lovf carbon chrome alloy steel, which is adapted formeeting the structural and protective req-ril ements, as Well as theVmechant cal requirements of the door frame and door, and the door frameand door being cooperatively connected in a novel manner with a doorframe opening formed in one of a plurality of walls forming a storageand protective compartment of any desired size, the walls of thecompartment preferably comprising a reinforced concrete monolithic shellinterposed between a preferably cast inner lining shell of metal, and anouter metal case shell, and the reinforced concrete shell may be of anydesired thickness and mass for meeting trie structural requirements ofthe compartment walls in combination with the inner and outer shells.

A. preferred embodimentof the invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings forming part hereof, in which Figure 1 is avvertical sectional view, as on line 1-1, Fig. 2 of a protectivestructure embodying the improvements hereof, and which is of the sizegenerally classed as chests;

F ig. 2, a yertical se tional view thereof, as on line Q-Q, Fig. 1, withportions broken away to more clearly illustrate details of construction;and

Fig. 3, an enlarged hoizontal sectional View thereof, as on lines 3 3,Figs. 1 and 2.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout 'the several views.

The improved protective structure indicated generally at 10, asillustrated is of the size usually classed as a chest, and includeswalls forming a st i and protective compartment 11. The walls are ornovel composite construction, and include a bottom wall indicatedgenerally at 12, a top wall indicated generally at a back wall indicatedgenerally at lf-l, side walls indicated generally, respectively, at 15and 1G, and a front wall indicated generally at 17.

A door frame opening 18 is formed in the front wall 1T, a d novel doorframe indicated generally7 at 1S) is positioned within the opening 18,anc is connected., in a novel manner hereinafter set forth in detail,with the front wall 1,7, the side walls 15 and 16 and the top wall 13. p

The door frame 19 has a door opening 2 formed therein and a door Q1 ishung upon the door frame as by a hinge 22 for swinging` to and fromclosing and litting position in the door opening 20.

As illustrated the door Q1 includes a flanged circular 'truste-conicalclosure member which is mounted upon a supporting ring 2li in a wellknown manner for rotation about a horizontal axis passing through 'thecenter of the preferably flanged frustoconical opening QO, and thesupporting ring 24 is carried by the hinge Q2, and rotation of theclosure member Q3 on the supportin ring is controlled by a dial lockindicated generally at 25.

The bolt work for the door, thus rotatably mounted on the ring 24,includes circumferentially spaced bolts 26 extending radially from therear of the closure member for engagement behind circumferentiallyspaced bolt stops 27 extending radially inwardly from the door openingand comprising portions of the rear flange thereof, there being notchesin the door opening formed between the bolt stops 27, and permittingentrance of the bolts 26 therethrough when the door is being closed.

For further bolting the door, a bolt Q8 is mounted for radial extensionand withdrawal on the closure member 23, and is adapted for beingextended and withdrawn into and from a suitable aperture Q9 formed inthe door frame, after the closure member Q3 has been moved to closingposition and rotated so that the bolts Q6 engage the bolts stops 27.

The foregoing bolt work arrangement for the circular door is generallywell known in the art, and other types of bolt work may be utilized, andalso the door may be square or rectangular as desired depending upon thesize of the protective structure.

The door frame and door are preferably made of a metal alloy such as lowcarbon chrome steel alloy, which after being hardcned is very tough,hard, and resistant to heat, and is not affected by the usual hazards ofexplosion, fire, or attacks by the use of impact tools such as sledgesor hammers, or by the use of the burning torch, or by the use ol drills,explosives, saws, and the like.

lt is of course necessary to provide relatively thick walls for theframe and door, and the usual method of making the frame and door fromthe. aforesaid preferred alloys, is to cast the frame and the door, toperform the necessary machining operations thereon in the annealedstate, and then to harden the same.

The use of a single material for constructing the frame and the dooravoids the relatively large manufazturing expense heretofore alwaysassociated with making explosion, lire, and burglar-proof doors andframes by the use of laminated plates or other composite structures.

The cost of the aforesaid alloys is however too great to warrant theiruse for the conipartment walls of the safe, which have as aforesaid onlystructural and protective funetions to perform, as distinguished fromthe mechanical functions as well as structural and protective functionswhich must be performed by the frame and door.

For attaining an economical construction for the compartment walls, thecomposite bottom wall 12 preferably includes an inner metal lining wall12a, an outer metal case wall 12?), and an intermediate reinforcedconcrete structural and protective wall 12e.

rihe composite top wall 13 similarly includes an inner metal lining wall13o, an outer metal case wall 13b, and an intermediate CaSe.

reinforced concrete structural and protective wall 130.

Likewise, the composite back wall 111 includes an inner metal liningwall 14a, an outer metal case wall 14?) and an intermediate reinforcedconcrete structural and protective wall 140.

The side wall 15 similarly includes an inner metal lining wall 15a, anouter metal case wall 15b and an intermediate reinforced Concretestructural and protective wall 15C.

The side wall 16 likewise includes' an (inner metal lining wall 16a, anouter metal case wall 165, and an intermediate reinforced concretestructural and protective wall 160.

Finally, the composite front wall 17 similarly includes an inner metallining wall 17a, an outer metal case wall 175, and an intermediatereinforced concrete structural and protective wall 170.

he inner metal lining walls 12a, 13a, 14a, 15a, 16a, and 17a, form aninner lining shell indicated generally at a which is prefsrablyintegrally forme-d by casting the walls of a relatively inexpensivematerial, such as cast steel.

The outer case walls 12b, 13b, 14?), 15b, 165, and 175 preferably formanA outer case shell indicated generally at 305 which is preferably madeof angle and plate, or angle and sheet construction.

The intermediate reinforced concrete Structural and protective walls120, 130, 140, 150, 16e, and 17o form an intermediate structural andprotective shell indicated generally at 300 which is preferablyintegrally poured between the inner lining shell and the outer caseshell by properly positioning the inner shell 30a within the outer shell302) and removing one wall of the outer shell until the reinforcedconcrete shell 300 has been poured and is hardened, after which theremoval wall of the outer case 30?) may be reinserted in the rlhe innerpreferably cast steel lining shell 30a is connected with the frame 19,and both the frame 19 and the inner lining shell 30a are connected withthe reinforced concrete shell 300 by novel means which will now bedescribed.

A preferably cylindric tube 31 extends forwardly from the upper end 17aof the front wall 17a, and telescopes preferably over a cylindric flange32 extending rearwardly from the frame 19.

As illustrated, the tube 31 is of substantial length, and forms avestibule immediately at the rear of the door 2G, and the upper end 17aof the front wall 17a; forms a partition at the rear end of thevestibule tube 31. A door opening 33 is formed in the partition portion17a of the front wall17, and a door 34 is operatively hung thereon,whereby access may be had to the main compartment 11 from the interiorof the vestibule 31.

A plurality of circumferentially spaced radially extending registeringapertures are formed in the telescoping tube 31 and flange 32.

A connecting and anchor spider 'bar 35 extends, preferably with a drivefit, through each set of registering apertures and beyond the outersurface of the tube 31 a substantial distance into the adjacentreinforced concrete shell 300, and the reinforcing 36 of the reinforcedconcrete is preferably secured as by welding to the outer ends of thebars 35.

The spider bars in addition to their force lit in the registeringapertures of the tube 31 and the flange 32, are preferably welded fromthe outside to the outside of the tube 31. The spider bars 35 thuscomprise novel means for connecting the door frame with the inner liningshell and anchoring both the frame and the inner lining shell in therirliiforced concrete structural and protective s e Then desired, theouter surface of some of the walls of the inner lining shell 30a may bespaced from the inner surface of some of the walls of the reinforcedconcrete shell 300, thereby forming a gas chamber 37 in which materialmay be placed which will release obnoxious or poisonous gas through anyopening forced through the outer case shell and the reinforced concreteshell into the gas chamber.

The reinforced concrete shell 300 in itself, when made of the properthickness and with the proper amount of reinforcing, as is known in theart, performs all the desired structural and protective functions forthe compartment walls.

Its use in the present instance for the preferably portable protectivestructures, provides a suflicient mass of material economically toprevent the carrying away of the protective structure by thieves.

By the present invention, the door and door frame of the novelprotective structure may be made as aforesaid of the best material formeeting the particular structural, protective and mechanicalrequirements thereof, and the door and door frame are connected andanchored in a novel manner with the novel composite shell of economicalconstruction, and within which is formed the storage and protectivecompartment.

Accordingly a door frame and door of one size may be used with acomposite shell of any desired size, thereby affording further economiesin manufacture.

The structural and protective shell 30C is preferably made as aforesaidof reinforced concrete, which is one species of material of a generalclass which may be termed reinforced monolithic material, and which mayinclude reinforcing bars embedded in a monolithic shell, which asillustrated is preferably concrete but Which may include any other ofthe known varieties of plastics which harden into a. stone-likestructure.

I claim:

l. A protective structure including monolithic Walls embodying a shellhaving a storage and protective compartment formed therein, one of thewalls having an opening formed therein, a vestibule member extendingthrough the opening, a door frame adapted for operatively mounting adoor thereon, a m-ember extending from the door frame and overlappingthe vestibule member, means connecting the overlapping members to eachother1 and anchoring in the monolithic shell, reinforcing means embeddedin the monolithic shell, and the anchoring and connect` ing means beingsecured to the reinforcing` means.

2. A protective structure including monolithic Walls embodying a shellhaving a storage and protective compartment formed therein, one of theWalls having an opening formed therein, a vestibule member e1;- tendingthrough the opening, a door frame adapted for operatively mounting adoor thereon, a member extending from the door frame and overlapping thevestibule member, there being a set of registering apertures in theoverlapping members, and a connecting and anchoring spider bar extendingthrough the apertures and radially outwardly from the members into themonolithic shell.

3. A protective structure including monolithic Walls embodying a shellhaving a storage and protective compartment formed therein, one of theWalls having an opening formed therein, a vestibule member extendingthrough the opening, a door frame adapted for operatively mounting adoor thereon, a member extending from the door frame and overlapping thevestibule member, there being sets of registering apertures in theoverlapping members, and a connecting and anchoring spider bar extendingthrough the apertures and radially outwardly from the members into themonolithic shell, reinforcing means embedded in the monolithic shell,and the anchoring and connecting bar being secured to the reinforcingmeans.

4. A protective structure having monolithic Walls which form a shellhaving a storage and protective compartment, one of the Walls having anopening formed therein, a tubular metallic member extending through theopening, a door frame adapted for operatively connecting a door thereon,said door frame having a part telescoped into sait tubular member,reinforcing means embedded in the monolithic shell, and metallic memberssecured to said reinforcing means and securing said frame and saidtubular member to each other.

5. A protective structure having monolithic Walls forming a shell havinga storage and protective compartment therein, one of said Walls havingan opening formed therein, a metallic receptacle embedded in saidmonolithic shell and formed With an integral tubular member projectinginto said opening, a door frame mounted in said opening, a door in saiddoor fran e and metallic bars projecting through said door frame andsaid tubular member and projecting into said monolithic shell, saidmetallic bars securing said door frame to said tubular member andanchoring said metallic shell in said monolithic shell, and reinforcingmeans embedded in said monolithic shell and secured to said metallicbars.

6. A protective structure having monolithic Walls Which form a shellhaving a storage and protective compartment therein, a one-piecemetallic shell disposed within said compartn'ient and provided with anintegral tubular extension projecting into said opening, a door framefixed to said tubular ei:- tension, reinforcingmeans embedded in saidmonolithic shell, and a plurality of rods e2:- tending from said tubularextension into said monolithic shell to anchor said metallic shelltherein, said reinforcing means being secured to said metallic rods.

ln testimony that l claim the above, l have hereunto subscribed my name.

ADOLPH J. ROOS.

